The Royal Ontario Museum, commonly known as the ROM, is the fifth largest museum in North America and the largest museum in Canada. Established in 1912 by the provincial government, the Royal Ontario Museum was operated by the University of Toronto until 1968. Now an independent institution, the museum still maintains close relations with the university, often sharing expertise and resources. The ROM Extension pictured above was constructed at a total cost exceeding $200 million. It presented some of the most challenging construction issues on any project in North America.